Justice Department Files Statement of Interest in Religious Land Use Case Involving Orthodox Jewish Congregation
December 4, 2023 - The Justice Department’s Civil Rights Division and the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of New Jersey filed a statement of interest today explaining that an Orthodox Jewish congregation’s claims under the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA) are ready to be decided in federal court.
“RLUIPA is designed to ensure that religious groups of all faiths do not face unjust barriers when seeking to establish places to worship,” said Assistant Attorney General Kristen Clarke of the Justice Department’s Civil Rights Division. “Local land use boards cannot unfairly or discriminatorily deny a religious group’s application to use land for religious purposes. When local officials use the guise of zoning restrictions to block or restrict religious groups, this not only contravenes our nation’s commitment to religious freedom, it also violates federal law.”
“The U.S. Attorney’s Office is committed to ensuring that all religious communities in our District have the ability to worship freely and without discrimination,” said U.S. Attorney Philip R. Sellinger for the District of New Jersey. “We will continue our work to enforce RLUIPA, and to ensure that local boards apply the law fairly and correctly so that communities of faith may exercise their fundamental rights and that their land use applications are not unlawfully denied on the basis of their religion or in a manner that unlawfully burdens the free exercise of religion.”
The statement of interest was filed in Chai Center for Living Judaism v. Township of Millburn, as part of a lawsuit centering around an Orthodox Jewish congregation’s application to build a synagogue that was denied. The lawsuit alleges that denial of the application imposed a substantial burden on the congregation’s religious exercise, discriminated against the congregation based on its religion, unreasonably limited its religious assembly and treated it worse than comparable secular uses.
The lawsuit also alleges that certain parts of the township’s land-use regulations, including its requirement that houses of worship be located on lots at least three-acres in size, violate RLUIPA. The township filed a motion, arguing that the RLUIPA claims should be dismissed based on a state-law standard used by New Jersey state courts in reviewing zoning decisions. The motion also argues that the RLUIPA claims are not ready to be heard in federal court because the zoning denial was based on procedural grounds.
The statement of interest explains that the congregation’s claims must be evaluated based on the statutory elements laid out in RLUIPA, and that state-law standards of review do not apply to RLUIPA claims. The statement of interest also argues that the congregation’s RLUIPA claims are ready to be adjudicated by the federal court because the township reached a final decision on the zoning application, which, as plaintiffs alleged, inflicted an injury on plaintiffs by preventing them from using their land for their religious needs.
RLUIPA is a federal law that protects religious institutions from unduly burdensome or discriminatory land use regulations. In June 2018, the Justice Department announced its Place to Worship Initiative, which focuses on RLUIPA’s provisions that protect the rights of houses of worship and other religious institutions to worship on their land. More information is available at www.justice.gov/crt/placetoworship.
As part of this initiative, the department has obtained relief under RLUIPA to combat antisemitism and other forms of religious hate, including in Airmont, New York, where the department recently secured a consent order requiring the Village of Airmont to stop discriminating against its Orthodox Jewish residents. Additionally, the department recently hosted an outreach forum with religious leaders at Seton Hall Law School in Newark, New Jersey, on combating religious discrimination under RLUIPA, and plans to hold additional outreach events in the coming months.
Individuals who believe they have been subjected to discrimination in land use or zoning decisions may contact the U.S. Attorney’s Office Civil Rights Division at (855) 281-3339 or the Civil Rights Division’s Housing and Civil Enforcement Section at (833) 591-0291 or may submit a complaint through the complaint portal on the Place to Worship Initiative website. More information about RLUIPA, including questions and answers about the law and other documents, can be found at www.justice.gov/crt/about/hce/rluipaexplain.php.
millburn_statement_of_interest_filed.pdf (255.47 KB)
Office of Public Affairs
U.S. Department of Justice
